落花流水

Phát âm: luò huā liú shuǐ Nghĩa đen: Falling flowers and flowing water

Nguồn gốc & Cách sử dụng

This poetic idiom originally described the beautiful natural scene of fallen petals floating on flowing streams, appearing in Tang Dynasty poetry as an image of transient beauty. However, its meaning evolved to describe utter defeat or disarray, like flowers scattered helplessly by water currents. The transformation from aesthetic appreciation to military metaphor occurred during the Song Dynasty. Modern usage primarily describes crushing defeats or chaotic retreats, though it occasionally retains its original poetic sense in literary contexts.

Ví dụ

Tiếng Anh: "The army was utterly defeated and scattered in all directions."

Tiếng Trung: 军队被打得落花流水，四处逃散。