HSK6級合格のための洗練された中国語の四字熟語12選

无助；别无选择

字面の意味: 无可奈何

这个成语出现在早期的中国哲学文本中，并通过宋代诗人晏殊关于落花的著名诗句而闻名。 这个短语表达了对某种情况无能为力（无）的感受。 它捕捉到了在超出一个人控制范围的情况下，无论是自然力量、命运还是时间的流逝，人类普遍存在的无助感。 现代用法表达了在面对无法克服的障碍或不可避免的结果时的顺从和接受。

自以为是；固执己见

字面の意味: 自以为是

这个成语出现在古代道教文本《庄子》中，孔子用它来批评那些自以为是的人。 这个短语批评了自信和封闭思想的危险结合。 在中国哲学传统中，真正的智慧需要谦逊和乐于接受纠正。 这个成语警告人们不要因智力上的傲慢而阻碍成长和学习。 现代用法描述了一个固执己见、自以为是或不愿意考虑其他观点的人。

彻底失败；溃不成军

字面の意味: 落花流水

这个诗意的成语最初描述了落下的花瓣漂浮在流动的溪流上的美丽自然景象，在唐诗中以短暂之美的形象出现。 然而，它的含义演变为描述彻底的失败或溃不成军，就像花朵被水流无助地散落一样。 从审美欣赏到军事隐喻的转变发生在宋代。 现代用法主要描述毁灭性的失败或混乱的撤退，尽管它偶尔会在文学语境中保留其原始的诗意。

Self-imposed restrictions; limiting oneself

字面の意味: Drawing ground as prison

This idiom originates from 'Records of the Grand Historian' (史记), describing ancient punishment where criminals were confined to a circle drawn on the ground, honoring the boundary as if it were prison walls. The story illustrates how social trust and honor could substitute for physical restraints. ...

Exceptional literary or artistic talent

字面の意味: Wonderful brush produces flowers

This idiom originates from the legend of the Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai, who allegedly dreamed that flowers bloomed from his writing brush, after which his poetry became extraordinarily beautiful. The 'wonderful brush' (妙笔) producing flowers (生花) symbolizes exceptional literary talent that brings word...

To disregard; put aside consideration of

字面の意味: Place it beyond consideration

This idiom means to place (置) something (之) outside (外) the bounds of consideration (度). It originates from historical texts describing generals and heroes who disregarded personal safety for greater causes. The phrase emphasizes deliberate exclusion of certain factors - often personal risk, comfort...

Capable of taking charge independently

字面の意味: Alone handle one side

This idiom originates from military contexts in the Han Dynasty, describing generals capable of independently (独) managing (当) one front or flank (一面) of battle. The phrase recognized the rare ability to take full responsibility for a significant area without supervision. It evolved to praise anyone...

Having deep roots and long history

字面の意味: Source distant, flow long

This idiom uses the metaphor of a river with distant (远) sources (源) and long (长) flow (流) to describe things with deep historical roots and lasting influence. The phrase appeared in Confucian commentaries praising traditions that connect past to present through unbroken transmission. It emphasizes ...

Perfect weather; favorable conditions

字面の意味: Wind gentle and sun beautiful

This idiom describes ideal weather conditions with gentle (和) wind (风) and beautiful (丽) sunshine (日). It first appeared in Tang Dynasty poetry celebrating perfect spring days. The phrase captures the Chinese aesthetic appreciation for harmonious natural conditions, where elements are balanced rathe...

Incomparable; unparalleled

字面の意味: Nothing to compare with

This idiom states that nothing (无) exists to (与) compare (伦比) with something, indicating supreme excellence. The character 伦 relates to categories or ranks, suggesting that the subject transcends normal classification. The phrase appeared in Han Dynasty texts praising exceptional individuals or achi...