10 Easy Chinese Idioms to Teach Kids at Chinese New Year

Exactly identical

Literal: One mold one appearance

One (一) mould (模) and one (一) appearance (样) — two castings taken from the same form, which in bronze work means they are not merely similar but the same object twice. Note the reading: 模 is mú here, not mó, and learners who know it only from 模型 tend to get it wrong. The phrase is neutral about whet...

Treat others as yourself

Literal: Exchange heart for heart

To exchange (换) one heart (心) for another, using (以) your own as the thing you give. The image is of trust as a swap rather than a demand: you put your own candour in first and take the other person's in return. This is a common set phrase rather than a classical idiom — it has no locus classicus an...

Sudden, remarkable success

Literal: One cry startles everyone

King Zhuang of Chu spent three years on the throne issuing no orders at all. An officer put him a riddle about a bird that for three years had neither stirred its wings nor called, and the king answered that though it had not flown, when it flew it would reach the heavens, and though it had not crie...

Achieve immediate success

Literal: Success upon the horse's arrival

The horse (马) arrives (到) and the thing succeeds (成功). It belongs to Yuan drama, where a general's mount reaching the field is the moment the outcome is settled, and the compression is the point: no campaign, no struggle, just arrival and result. Chinese uses it almost entirely as a wish rather than...

Smooth sailing; everything going well

Literal: One sail with favorable wind

One (一) sail (帆), the wind (风) following (顺). 顺风 is wind from astern, the condition under which a junk simply goes, and the phrase is a sailor's before it is anyone else's. It survives almost entirely as a wish rather than a description: written on cards, said at departures, and used of a career or ...

Two goals with one action

Literal: One stone two birds

A calque rather than a classical idiom: one (一) stone (石), two (二) birds (鸟), taken into Chinese from the English 'kill two birds with one stone' by way of the Japanese 一石二鳥, during the decades of heavy borrowing around the turn of the twentieth century. It is worth knowing precisely because it feel...

Learn many from one example

Literal: Raise one reflect three

Confucius, in the Analects, said he did not go on teaching a man who, shown one corner, could not come back (反) with the other three (三) — 举一隅不以三隅反，则不复也. The image is a square: you are given one corner and expected to supply the rest. It is a statement about what a teacher owes and what a student mu...

Practice what you know

Literal: Knowledge and action unite as one

Wang Yangming reached his enlightenment in exile at Longchang in Guizhou in 1508, and began teaching this doctrine the following year, when he was invited to head the academy at Guiyang: knowing (知) and acting (行) are one (合一) rather than two stages. His claim is stronger than an exhortation to put ...

Persistence achieves anything

Literal: Water drops pierce stone

The Song collection Helin Yulu attaches this to the magistrate Zhang Guaiya, who had a clerk flogged for a single copper coin, was told he would not dare behead him for it, and wrote the judgment before doing exactly that: a coin a day is a thousand coins in a thousand days, and 绳锯木断，水滴石穿 — a rope u...

Thriving; flourishing

Literal: Flourishing toward prosperity

Tao Yuanming, going home for good, wrote 木欣欣以向荣，泉涓涓而始流 — the trees thriving (欣欣) as they turn toward (向) flourishing (荣), the springs beginning to trickle. 欣 is gladness, so the doubling gives the growth an air of pleasure rather than mere vigour, and the phrase has kept it. Economies, businesses an...