退避三舍

Pronunciation: tuì bì sān shè
Literal meaning: Retreat three camps

Origin & Usage

This strategic idiom describes voluntarily retreating (退避) three (三) camp-distances (舍) to avoid conflict, originating from the Spring and Autumn period. It stems from Duke Wen of Jin's famous decision to withdraw his army three stations before confronting the Chu forces, demonstrating magnanimity that ultimately helped him win allies. The specific measure 'shè' (舍) represented the distance armies could march in a day, making this a significant territorial concession. During the Han Dynasty, the phrase became shorthand for enlightened strategic withdrawal. Unlike terms for simple retreat, it suggests a deliberate yielding from a position of strength. Modern usage describes graceful compromise or strategic concession to achieve greater long-term advantages.

Examples

English: "The company voluntarily decreased their market share to avoid monopoly accusations"

Chinese: 公司主动减少市场份额以避免垄断指控

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